HP-12C PRO

HP-12C financial glossary

Core terms to interpret interest rates, present value, cash flow, and risk in practical calculations.

Present Value (PV)

The value today equivalent to a future amount after discounting by a rate over time.

Future Value (FV)

The projected amount at the end of a period based on principal, rate, and number of periods.

Periodic Rate (i)

Interest rate applied per period. It must match the time basis used by n and PMT.

Annuity (PMT)

A series of equal payments at regular intervals, typical in loans and savings plans.

Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

The rate that sets NPV to zero for a cash-flow stream, useful for investment comparisons.

Net Present Value (NPV)

Sum of discounted cash flows minus initial investment; positive NPV generally indicates value creation.